SpringDoc注解的使用,它是基于OpenAPI 3和Swagger 3的现代化解决方案,相较于旧版的Swagger2(SpringFox),SpringDoc提供了更简洁、更直观的注解方式。
用于说明或定义的标签。也可以作用于方法上
部分参数:
name:名称
description:描述
@Tag(name = "用户接口", description = "用户管理相关接口") @RestController @RequestMapping("/users") public class UserController { }
某个元素(API操作、实体类属性等)是否在 API 文档中隐藏。当我们想要隐藏某些不必要的信息时,可以使用@Parameter(hidden = true)、@Operation(hidden = true)或者@Hidden注解。
API 的响应信息。也可以作用于方法上,一般常用于方法上
部分参数:
responseCode:响应的 HTTP 状态码
description:响应信息的描述
content:响应的内容
@ApiResponse(responseCode = "200", description = "查询成功", content = @Content(schema = @Schema(implementation = User.class))) @ApiResponse(responseCode = "404", description = "查询失败") @GetMapping("/users/{id}") public ResponseEntitygetUserById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { // ... }
用于描述实体类属性的描述、示例、验证规则等,比如 POJO 类及属性。
部分参数:
name:名称
title:标题
description:描述
example:示例值
required:是否为必须
format:属性的格式。如 @Schema(format = “email”)
maxLength 、 minLength:指定字符串属性的最大长度和最小长度
maximum 、 minimum:指定数值属性的最大值和最小值
pattern:指定属性的正则表达式模式
type: 数据类型(integer,long,float,double,string,byte,binary,
boolean,date,dateTime,password),必须是字符串。
如 @Schema=(type=“integer”)
implementation :具体的实现类,可以是类本身,也可以是父类或实现的接口。
@Tag(name = "用户", description = "用户实体类") @Data public class User { @Schema(name = "用户id", type = "long") private Long id; @Schema(name = "用户名", type = "long") private String name; @Schema(name = "密码", type = "password", minLength = "6", maxLength = "20") private String password; }
描述 API 操作的元数据信息。常用于 controller 的方法上
部分参数:
summary:简短描述
description :更详细的描述
hidden:是否隐藏
tags:标签,用于分组API
operationId:操作的唯一标识符,建议使用唯一且具有描述性的名称
parameters:指定相关的请求参数,使用 @Parameter 注解来定义参数的详细属性。
requestBody:指定请求的内容,使用 @RequestBody 注解來指定请求的类型。
responses:指定操作的返回内容,使用 @ApiResponse 注解定义返回值的详细属性。
@Operation( summary = "操作摘要", description = "操作的详细描述", operationId = "operationId", tags = "tag1", parameters = { @Parameter(name = "param1", description = "参数1", required = true), @Parameter(name = "param2", description = "参数2", required = false) }, requestBody = @RequestBody( description = "请求描述", required = true, content = @Content( mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = RequestBodyModel.class) ) ), responses = { @ApiResponse(responseCode = "200", description = "成功", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = ResponseModel.class))), @ApiResponse(responseCode = "400", description = "错误", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = ErrorResponseModel.class))) } ) // @Tag(name = "标签1") // @ApiResponses(value = { // @ApiResponse(responseCode = "200", description = "成功", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = ResponseModel.class))), // @ApiResponse(responseCode = "400", description = "錯誤", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = ErrorResponseModel.class))) //}) public void Operation() { // 逻辑 }
用于描述 API 操作中的参数
部分参数:
name : 指定的参数名
in:参数来源,可选 query、header、path 或 cookie,默认为空,表示忽略
ParameterIn.QUERY 请求参数
ParameterIn.PATH 路径参数
ParameterIn.HEADER header参数
ParameterIn.COOKIE cookie 参数
description:参数描述
required:是否必填,默认为 false
schema :参数的数据类型。如 schema = @Schema(type = “string”)
@Operation(summary = "根据用户名查询用户列表") @GetMapping("/query/{username}") public ListqueryUserByName(@Parameter(name = "username", in = ParameterIn.PATH, description = "用户名",required = true) @PathVariable("username") String userName) { return new ArrayList<>(); }
包含多个 @Parameter 注解,指定多个参数。
@Parameters({ @Parameter( name = "param1", description = "description", required = true, in = ParameterIn.PATH, schema = @Schema(type = "string") ), @Parameter( name = "param2", description = "description", required = true, in = ParameterIn.QUERY, schema = @Schema(type = "integer") ) })
内容注解。
部分参数:
mediaType:内容的类型。比如:application/json
schema:内容的模型定义,使用 @Schema 注解指定模型的相关信息。
@Operation( requestBody = @RequestBody( description = "请求描述", required = true, content = @Content( mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = RequestBodyModel.class) ) ) ) public void Operation() { // 逻辑 }
@Tag(name = "用户", description = "用户交互载体") @Data public class User { @Schema(name = "用户id", type = "string") private String id; @Schema(name = "用户名", type = "string") private String name; @Schema(name = "密码", type = "string") private String password; }
@RestController @RequestMapping("/user") @Tag(name = "用户管理", description = "用户数据增删改查") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @GetMapping("/{id}") @Operation( summary = "根据ID,查询用户", parameters = { @Parameter(name = "id", required = true, in = ParameterIn.PATH) }, responses = { @ApiResponse(responseCode = "200",description = "成功",content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = User.class))), @ApiResponse(responseCode = "400", description = "错误", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json")) } ) public User getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) { return userService.getUserById(id); } }
@Operation(description = "searches inventory", operationId = "searchInventory", summary = "By passing in the appropriate options, you can search for available inventory in the system ", tags = { "developers", }, parameters = { @Parameter(description = "pass an optional search string for looking up inventory", name = "searchString") } ) @ApiResponses(value = { @ApiResponse(responseCode = "200", description = "search results matching criteria"), @ApiResponse(responseCode = "400", description = "bad input parameter") }) @GetMapping(value = "/inventory", produces = { "application/json" }) ResponseEntity> searchInventory( @Valid @RequestParam(value = "searchString", required = false) String searchString, // 目标页数必须不是负数 @Min(0) @Parameter(description = "number of records to skip for pagination") @Valid @RequestParam(value = "skip", required = true) Integer skip, // 返回的结果数不能大于50条记录 @Min(0) @Max(50) @Parameter(description = "maximum number of records to return") @Valid @RequestParam(value = "limit", required = true) Integer limit);