
目录
1为什么要使用MQ?
2整合RocketMQ
依赖版本
引入RocketMQ依赖
解决Spring Boot3+不兼容 spring.factories
参考配置文件
3RocketMQ 使用
解决Spring Boot3+不支持spring.factories的问题
RocketMQ操作工具
定义RocketMQ消费者
定义测试类发送消息
4测试
在 Spring Boot Event这篇文章中 已经通过Guava或者SpringBoot自身的Listener实现了事件驱动,已经做到了对业务的解耦。为什么还要用到MQ来进行业务解耦呢?
首先无论是通过Guava还是Spring Boot自身提供的监听注解来实现的事件驱动他都是处于同一进程中的,意思就是当前事件推送后只有当前的进程可以进行消费。
通过MQ可以实现将事件推送到进程外的Broker中,在多实例/分布式环境下,其他的服务在订阅同一事件(Topic)时,可以在各自的服务中进行消费,最大化空闲服务的利用。

源码地址:
https://gitee.com/sparkle3021/springboot3-study
JDK 17
Spring Boot 3.2.0
RocketMQ-Client 5.0.4
RocketMQ-Starter 2.2.0
Spring Boot 3.0+ 取消了对spring.factories的支持。所以在导入时需要手动引入RocketMQ的配置类。
org.apache.rocketmq rocketmq-client-java5.0.4 org.apache.rocketmq rocketmq-spring-boot-starter2.2.0
rocketmq-spring-boot-starter:2.2.2版本中:

# RocketMQ 配置 rocketmq: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 consumer: group: event-mq-group # 一次拉取消息最大值,注意是拉取消息的最大值而非消费最大值 pull-batch-size: 1 producer: # 发送同一类消息的设置为同一个group,保证唯一 group: event-mq-group # 发送消息超时时间,默认3000 sendMessageTimeout: 10000 # 发送消息失败重试次数,默认2 retryTimesWhenSendFailed: 2 # 异步消息重试此处,默认2 retryTimesWhenSendAsyncFailed: 2 # 消息最大长度,默认1024 * 1024 * 4(默认4M) maxMessageSize: 4096 # 压缩消息阈值,默认4k(1024 * 4) compressMessageBodyThreshold: 4096 # 是否在内部发送失败时重试另一个broker,默认false retryNextServer: false
文件内容为RocketMQ自动配置类路径: org.apache.rocketmq.spring.autoconfigure.RocketMQAutoConfiguration
import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.autoconfigure.RocketMQAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
/**
* 启动类
*/
@Import(RocketMQAutoConfiguration.class)
@SpringBootApplication
public class MQEventApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(MQEventApplication.class, args);
}
}
RocketMQ Message实体
import cn.hutool.core.util.IdUtil; import jakarta.validation.constraints.NotBlank; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Builder; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils; import org.apache.commons.lang3.ObjectUtils; import org.springframework.messaging.Message; import org.springframework.messaging.support.MessageBuilder; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.List; /** * RocketMQ 消息 */ @Data @Builder @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class RocketMQMessageimplements Serializable { /** * 消息队列主题 */ @NotBlank(message = "MQ Topic 不能为空") private String topic; /** * 延迟级别 */ @Builder.Default private DelayLevel delayLevel = DelayLevel.OFF; /** * 消息体 */ private T message; /** * 消息体 */ private List messages; /** * 使用有序消息发送时,指定发送到队列 */ private String hashKey; /** * 任务Id,用于日志打印相关信息 */ @Builder.Default private String taskId = IdUtil.fastSimpleUUID(); }
RocketMQTemplate 二次封装
import com.yiyan.study.domain.RocketMQMessage;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.SendCallback;
import org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.SendResult;
import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.core.RocketMQTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* RocketMQ 消息工具类
*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public class RocketMQService {
@Resource
private RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate;
@Value("${rocketmq.producer.sendMessageTimeout}")
private int sendMessageTimeout;
/**
* 异步发送消息回调
*
* @param taskId 任务Id
* @param topic 消息主题
* @return the send callback
*/
private static SendCallback asyncSendCallback(String taskId, String topic) {
return new SendCallback() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(SendResult sendResult) {
log.info("ROCKETMQ 异步消息发送成功 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [SendStatus:{}]", taskId, topic, sendResult.getSendStatus());
}
@Override
public void onException(Throwable throwable) {
log.error("ROCKETMQ 异步消息发送失败 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [ErrorMessage:{}]", taskId, topic, throwable.getMessage());
}
};
}
/**
* 发送同步消息,使用有序发送请设置HashKey
*
* @param message 消息参数
*/
public void syncSend(RocketMQMessage message) {
log.info("ROCKETMQ 同步消息发送 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}]", message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic());
SendResult sendResult;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message.getHashKey())) {
sendResult = rocketMQTemplate.syncSendOrderly(message.getTopic(), message.getMessage(), message.getHashKey());
} else {
sendResult = rocketMQTemplate.syncSend(message.getTopic(), message.getMessage(), sendMessageTimeout, message.getDelayLevel().getLevel());
}
log.info("ROCKETMQ 同步消息发送结果 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [MessageId:{}] - [SendStatus:{}]",
message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic(), sendResult.getMsgId(), sendResult.getSendStatus());
}
/**
* 批量发送同步消息
*
* @param message 消息参数
*/
public void syncSendBatch(RocketMQMessage message) {
log.info("ROCKETMQ 同步消息-批量发送 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [MessageCount:{}]",
message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic(), message.getMessages().size());
SendResult sendResult;
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message.getHashKey())) {
sendResult = rocketMQTemplate.syncSendOrderly(message.getTopic(), message.getMessages(), message.getHashKey());
} else {
sendResult = rocketMQTemplate.syncSend(message.getTopic(), message.getMessages());
}
log.info("ROCKETMQ 同步消息-批量发送结果 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [MessageId:{}] - [SendStatus:{}]",
message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic(), sendResult.getMsgId(), sendResult.getSendStatus());
}
/**
* 异步发送消息,异步返回消息结果
*
* @param message 消息参数
*/
public void asyncSend(RocketMQMessage message) {
log.info("ROCKETMQ 异步消息发送 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}]", message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic());
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message.getHashKey())) {
rocketMQTemplate.asyncSendOrderly(message.getTopic(), message.getMessage(), message.getHashKey(),
asyncSendCallback(message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic()));
} else {
rocketMQTemplate.asyncSend(message.getTopic(), message.getMessage(),
asyncSendCallback(message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic()), sendMessageTimeout, message.getDelayLevel().getLevel());
}
}
/**
* 批量异步发送消息
*
* @param message 消息参数
*/
public void asyncSendBatch(RocketMQMessage message) {
log.info("ROCKETMQ 异步消息-批量发送 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [MessageCount:{}]",
message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic(), message.getMessages().size());
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message.getHashKey())) {
rocketMQTemplate.asyncSendOrderly(message.getTopic(), message.getMessages(), message.getHashKey(),
asyncSendCallback(message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic()));
} else {
rocketMQTemplate.asyncSend(message.getTopic(), message.getMessages(),
asyncSendCallback(message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic()));
}
}
/**
* 单向发送消息,不关心返回结果,容易消息丢失,适合日志收集、不精确统计等消息发送;
*
* @param message 消息参数
*/
public void sendOneWay(RocketMQMessage message) {
sendOneWay(message, false);
}
/**
* 单向消息 - 批量发送
*
* @param message 消息体
* @param batch 是否为批量操作
*/
public void sendOneWay(RocketMQMessage message, boolean batch) {
log.info((batch ? "ROCKETMQ 单向消息发送 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}]"
: "ROCKETMQ 单向消息-批量发送 : [TaskId:{}] - [Topic:{}] - [MessageCount{}]"),
message.getTaskId(), message.getTopic(), message.getMessages().size());
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message.getHashKey())) {
if (batch) {
message.getMessages().
forEach(msg -> rocketMQTemplate.sendOneWayOrderly(message.getTopic(), msg, message.getHashKey()));
} else {
rocketMQTemplate.sendOneWayOrderly(message.getTopic(), message.getMessage(), message.getHashKey());
}
} else {
if (batch) {
message.getMessages().forEach(msg -> rocketMQTemplate.sendOneWay(message.getTopic(), msg));
} else {
rocketMQTemplate.sendOneWay(message.getTopic(), message.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
import com.yiyan.study.constants.MQConfig; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.annotation.RocketMQMessageListener; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.core.RocketMQListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * MQ消息监听 */ @Component @Slf4j @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = MQConfig.EVENT_TOPIC, consumerGroup = MQConfig.EVENT_CONSUMER_GROUP) public class MQListener implements RocketMQListener{ @Override public void onMessage(String message) { log.info("MQListener 接收消息 : {}", message); } }
import cn.hutool.core.thread.ThreadUtil;
import com.yiyan.study.constants.MQConfig;
import com.yiyan.study.domain.RocketMQMessage;
import com.yiyan.study.utils.RocketMQService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
/**
* MQ测试
*/
@SpringBootTest
public class MQTest {
@Resource
private RocketMQService rocketMQService;
@Test
public void sendMessage() {
int count = 1;
while (count <= 50) {
rocketMQService.syncSend(RocketMQMessage.builder()
.topic(MQConfig.EVENT_TOPIC)
.message(count++)
.build());
}
// 休眠等待消费消息
ThreadUtil.sleep(2000L);
}
}

感谢您的阅读~
