如下使用@Controller存储Bean代码:
@Controller public class UserController { public void SayHi(String name){ System.out.println("你好"+name); } }
使用获取上下文的方法获取上面存储的对象
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { //获取spring上下文 ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml"); //获取指定的Bean对象名称+类型进行获取 UserController userController = (UserController) applicationContext.getBean("userController"); userController.SayHi("zcx"); } }
效果为
如下使用@Service存储Bean代码:
@Service public class UserService { public void SayHi(String name){ System.out.println("你好"+name); } }
输出结果跟@Controller一样
如下使用@Repository存储Bean代码:
@Repository public class UserRepository { public void SayHi(String name){ System.out.println("你好"+name); } }
如下使用@Component存储Bean代码:
@Component public class UserComponent { public void SayHi(String name){ System.out.println("你好"+name); } }
如下使用@Configuration存储Bean代码:
@Configuration public class UserConfiguration { public void SayHi(String name){ System.out.println("你好"+name); } }
需要这么多类注解是让程序员看到类注解之后,就能直接了解当前类
的⽤途,比如:
⽅法注解是放到某个⽅法上的要配合类注解使⽤,如以下代码的实现:
@Controller public class Users { @Bean public User user1(){ User user = new User(); return user; } }
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { //获取spring上下文 ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml"); //获取指定的Bean对象名称+类型进行获取 User user = (User) applicationContext.getBean("user1"); user.sayHi("zcx"); } }
user类
@Component public class User { public void sayHi(String name){ System.out.println(name+"你好"); } }
结果
可通过设置 name 属性给 Bean 对象进⾏重命名操作
@Bean(name = {"u1", "us1"}) public User user1() { User user = new User(); return user; }
或者
@Bean(name = {"u1", "us1"}) public User user1() { User user = new User(); return user; }
获取Bean对象就是把对象取出来放入某个类中,也叫对象注入或者对象装配。
对象注入有三种实现方法:
下⾯我们按照实际开发中的模式,将 Service 类注⼊到 Controller 类中
属性注⼊是使⽤ @Autowired 实现的,实现代码如下:
@Service public class UserService { public User user1(){ User user = new User(); return user; } }
@Controller public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; public User getUser(){ return userService.user1(); } }
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { //获取spring上下文 ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-config.xml"); //获取指定的Bean对象名称+类型进行获取 UserController userController = applicationContext.getBean(UserController.class); userController.getUser().sayHi("zcx"); } }
构造⽅法注⼊是在类的构造⽅法中实现注⼊,实现代码如下:
@Controller public class UserController { private UserService userService; @Autowired public UserController(UserService userService) { this.userService = userService; } public User getUser(){ return userService.user1(); } }
其余代码写法跟属性注入一样
在设置 set ⽅法的时候需要加上 @Autowired 注解
@Controller public class UserController { private UserService userService; @Autowired public void SetUserController(UserService userService) { this.userService = userService; } public User getUser(){ return userService.user1(); } }
@Controller public class UserController { @Resource private UserService userService; public User getUser(){ return userService.user1(); } }
使用@Resource 可以解决同⼀类型多个 Bean 报错问题
可以如下设置方法名
@Resource(name = "user1")
@Autowired 和 @Resource 的区别