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Spring Cloud Alibaba 致力于提供微服务开发的一站式解决方案。此项目包含开发分布式应用微服务的必需组件,方便开发者通过Spring Cloud编程模型轻松使用这些组件来开发分布式应用服务。
依托Spring Cloud Alibaba ,只需要添加一些注解和少量配置,就可以将Spring Cloud应用接入阿里微服务解决方案,通过阿里中间件来迅速搭建分布式应用系统。
我们本次是使用的电商项目中的商品、订单、用户为案例进行讲解。
在微服务架构中,最常见的场景就是微服务之间的相互调用。我们以电商系统中常见的用户下单为例来演示微服务的调用:客户向订单微服务发起一个下单的请求,在进行保存订单之前需要调用商品微服务查询商品的信息。
我们一般把服务的主动调用方称为服务消费者,把服务的被调用方称为服务提供者。
在这种场景下,订单微服务就是一个服务消费者,商品微服务就是一个服务提供者。
创建一个maven工程,然后在pom.xml文件中添加下面内容
4.0.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.1.3.RELEASE it.aq.cheetah microservice 1.0-SNAPSHOT pom 1.8 8 8 UTF-8 UTF-8 Greenwich.RELEASE 2.1.0.RELEASE org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies ${spring-cloud.version} pom import
版本对应:
在pom.xml中添加依赖
4.0.0 it.aq.cheetah microservice 1.0-SNAPSHOT shop-common 8 8 UTF-8 com.baomidou mybatis-plus-boot-starter 3.5.0 org.projectlombok lombok 1.18.26 com.alibaba fastjson 1.2.83 mysql mysql-connector-java 8.0.31
//用户信息 @Data @TableName(value = "shop_user") public class ShopUser { @TableId(value = "id",type = IdType.AUTO) private Integer id;//主键 @TableField("username") private String username;//用户名 @TableField("password") private String password;//密码 @TableField("telephone") private String telephone;//手机号 } //商品信息 @Data @TableName(value = "shop_product") public class ShopProduct { @TableId(value = "id",type = IdType.AUTO) private Long id;//主键 @TableField("pname") private String pname;//商品名称 @TableField("pprice") private Double pprice;//商品价格 @TableField("stock") private Integer stock;//库存 } //订单信息 @Data @TableName(value = "shop_order") public class ShopOrder { @TableId(value = "id",type = IdType.AUTO) private Long id;//订单id @TableField("uid") private Long uid;//用户id @TableField("username") private String username;//用户名 @TableField("pid") private Long pid;//商品id @TableField("pname") private String pname;//商品名称 }
新建一个shop-user模块,然后进行下面操作
4.0.0 it.aq.cheetah microservice 1.0-SNAPSHOT shop-user it.aq.cheetah shop-common 1.0-SNAPSHOT
@SpringBootApplication public class UserApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class,args); } }
server: port: 8071 #数据库配置 spring: application: name: shop-user datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/microservice?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: 123456 #模板引擎配置 thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 #suffix: .html 默认后缀 #prefix: classpath:/templates/ 默认前缀 mybatis-plus: # 配置mapper的扫描,找到所有的mapper.xml映射文件 mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml # 加载全局的配置文件 config-location: classpath:mybatis-config.xml # 搜索指定包别名 typeAliasesPackage: it.aq.cheetah.**.entity
添加 springboot 依赖
4.0.0 it.aq.cheetah microservice 1.0-SNAPSHOT shop-product org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web it.aq.cheetah shop-common 1.0-SNAPSHOT
@SpringBootApplication public class ProductApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ProductApplication.class,args); } }
server: port: 8081 #数据库配置 spring: application: name: shop-product datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/microservice?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: 123456 #模板引擎配置 thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 #suffix: .html 默认后缀 #prefix: classpath:/templates/ 默认前缀 mybatis-plus: # 配置mapper的扫描,找到所有的mapper.xml映射文件 mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml # 加载全局的配置文件 config-location: classpath:mybatis-config.xml # 搜索指定包别名 typeAliasesPackage: it.aq.cheetah.**.entity
@RestController @RequestMapping("/product") @Slf4j public class ProductController { @Autowired private IProductservice productService; /** * @Description:查询商品信息 * @Author: cheetah * @Date: 2024/1/22 9:40 * @param id: * @return: it.aq.cheetah.entity.ShopProduct **/ @GetMapping("/{id}") public ShopProduct product(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { ShopProduct product = productService.findByPid(id); log.info("查询到商品:" + JSON.toJSONString(product)); return product; } /** * @Description:扣减库存 * @Author: cheetah * @Date: 2024/1/22 9:40 * @param productReduceDTO: * @return: it.aq.cheetah.entity.ShopProduct **/ @PostMapping("/reduceStock") public Integer reduceStock(@RequestBody ProductReduceDTO productReduceDTO) { return productService.reduceStock(productReduceDTO); } } @Service public class ProductServiceImpl implements IProductservice { @Autowired private ProductMapper productMapper; @Override public ShopProduct findByPid(Long pid) { return productMapper.selectById(pid); } @Override public Integer reduceStock(ProductReduceDTO productReduceDTO) { ShopProduct shopProduct = productMapper.selectById(productReduceDTO.getProductId()); Integer stock = shopProduct.getStock(); if(stock < productReduceDTO.getReductCount()){ throw new RuntimeException("库存不足,请联系管理员增加库存"); } shopProduct.setStock(stock-productReduceDTO.getReductCount()); return productMapper.updateById(shopProduct); } } @Mapper public interface ProductMapper extends BaseMapper{}
INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'小米','1000','5000'); INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'华为','2000','5000'); INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'苹果','3000','5000'); INSERT INTO shop_product VALUE(NULL,'OPPO','4000','5000');
添加 springboot 依赖
4.0.0 it.aq.cheetah microservice 1.0-SNAPSHOT shop-order org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web it.aq.cheetah shop-common 1.0-SNAPSHOT
@SpringBootApplication public class OrderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class,args); } }
server: port: 8091 #数据库配置 spring: application: name: shop-order datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/microservice?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC username: root password: 123456 #模板引擎配置 thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 #suffix: .html 默认后缀 #prefix: classpath:/templates/ 默认前缀 mybatis-plus: # 配置mapper的扫描,找到所有的mapper.xml映射文件 mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml # 加载全局的配置文件 config-location: classpath:mybatis-config.xml # 搜索指定包别名 typeAliasesPackage: it.aq.cheetah.**.entity
@RestController @RequestMapping("/order") @Slf4j public class OrderController { @Autowired private IOrderService orderService; @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/{pid}") public ShopOrder order(@PathVariable("pid") Long pid) { log.info("客户下单,这时候要调用商品微服务查询商品信息。。。"); ShopProduct shopProduct = restTemplate.getForObject("http://127.0.0.1:8081/product/" + pid, ShopProduct.class); log.info("当前用户信息为自己,假设我们设置为1"); ShopOrder shopOrder = new ShopOrder(); shopOrder.setUid(1L); shopOrder.setUsername("公众号:阿Q说代码"); shopOrder.setPid(shopProduct.getId()); shopOrder.setPname(shopProduct.getPname()); orderService.save(shopOrder); //商品扣减库存的逻辑 ProductReduceDTO productReduceDTO = new ProductReduceDTO(); productReduceDTO.setProductId(pid); productReduceDTO.setReductCount(1); Integer count = restTemplate.postForObject("http://127.0.0.1:8081/product/reduceStock", productReduceDTO, Integer.class); return shopOrder; } } @Service public class OrderServiceImpl extends ServiceImplimplements IOrderService {} @Mapper public interface OrderMapper extends BaseMapper {}
@SpringBootApplication public class OrderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class,args); } @Bean public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() { return new RestTemplate(); } }
同时启动商品服务和订单服务,执行http://127.0.0.1:8091/order/1完成后,查看数据库数据
到这儿,我们的微服务搭建基本完成了。接下来的文章,我们将继续完善我们的微服务系统,集成更多的Alibaba组件。让我们期待下一篇的文章吧!想要了解更多JAVA后端知识,请点击文末名片与我交流吧。留下您的一键三连,让我们在这个寒冷的东西互相温暖吧!
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