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    01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）
    作者：mmseoamin日期：2024-03-20

    01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）

      • 一、rpm方式安装
        • 1、检查是否安装了mariadb
        • 2、下载mysql
        • 3、上传解压
        • 4、安装
        • 5、检查安装
        • 6、开启mysql服务
        • 7、登陆mysql
        • 8、修改密码设置规则（简单型-学习用）
        • 9、修改密码
        • 10、授权远程登陆
        • 11、启停mysql命令
        • 12、rpm方式安装说明
        • 二、二进制方式安装V5.7.18
          • 1、上传解压
          • 2、创建安装目录
          • 3、拷贝解压后的文件至安装目录/usr/local/mysql/
          • 4、创建相关目录
          • 5、创建mysql组和用户
          • 6、更改安装目录归属
          • 7、初始化MySQL
          • 8、 配置MySQL
          • 9、启动MySQL
          • 10、配置环境变量
          • 11、允许root账号远程访问
          • 12、设置mysql服务开机自启
          • 13、mysql服务启动

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第1张

            一、rpm方式安装

            1、检查是否安装了mariadb

            [root@db-mysql ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@db-mysql ~]#

            卸载清除： rpm -e 文件名

            [root@db-mysql ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@db-mysql ~]# 
[root@db-mysql ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb  
[rootdb-mysql ~]#

            2、下载mysql

            官网地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第2张

            3、上传解压

            [root@db-mysql ~]# mkdir mysql-bundle
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]#

            4、安装

            ## 安装mysql所依赖的包
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# 
## 安装mysql服务
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
	net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]#

            报错：error: Failed dependencies:

            net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64

            解决：

            [root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# yum install -y net-tools
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# yum install -y perl
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# yum install -y libaio

            ## 再次安装mysql服务
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]#

            5、检查安装

            [root@cdb-mysql mysql-bundle]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-community-common-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-libs-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-server-5.7.37-1.el7.x86_64
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]#

            6、开启mysql服务

            [root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-12-22 10:48:53 CST; 9s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 2190 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 2140 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 2194 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─2194 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Dec 22 10:48:50 centos01 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Dec 22 10:48:53 centos01 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@db-mysql mysql-bundle]#

            7、登陆mysql

            第一次启动mysql，会自动生成一个随机密码，可在/var/log/mysqld.log中查看。

            [root@db-mysql ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-12-22T02:48:50.966917Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: q=VIgtgHH7p_
2022-12-22T02:54:05.987706Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
2022-12-22T02:54:14.598377Z 3 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
2022-12-22T02:54:27.747247Z 4 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@db-mysql ~]#

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第3张

            8、修改密码设置规则（简单型-学习用）

            [root@centos01 mysql-bundle]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@centos01 mysql-bundle]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>

            9、修改密码

            mysql>  alter user root@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

            10、授权远程登陆

            mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql>

            测试：

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,![在这里图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/f02eadbd2a294ec3bcc526f068e9baa5.png,第4张

            11、启停mysql命令

            ## 启动 mysql 服务
[root@db-mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld
## 关闭
[root@db-mysql ~]# systemctl stop mysqld
## 重启
[root@db-mysql ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
## 状态查看
[root@db-mysql ~]# systemctl status mysqld
## 设置开机自启
[root@db-mysql ~]# systemctl enable mysqld

            12、rpm方式安装说明

            ## rpm方式重要文件路径说明
主要文件默认路径如下：
配置文件路径：/etc/my.cnf
数据存储目录：/var/lib/mysql
错误日志存储路径：/var/log/mysqld.log
socket文件路径：/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
参数可以通过/etc/my.cnf参数配置文件查看和自定义。

            二、二进制方式安装V5.7.18

            1、上传解压

            [root@db-mysql mysql-tar]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第5张

            2、创建安装目录

            [root@db-mysql mysql-tar]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第6张

            3、拷贝解压后的文件至安装目录/usr/local/mysql/

            [root@db-mysql ~]# mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql/

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第7张

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第8张

            4、创建相关目录

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@db-mysql mysql]# 
[root@db-mysql mysql]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/log
[root@db-mysql mysql]# 
[root@db-mysql mysql]# touch /usr/local/mysql/log/mysqld.log
[root@db-mysql mysql]# 
[root@db-mysql mysql]#

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第9张

            5、创建mysql组和用户

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# groupadd mysql
[root@db-mysql mysql]# 
[root@db-mysql mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@db-mysql mysql]#

            6、更改安装目录归属

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@db-mysql mysql]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/

            或者使用：

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第10张

            7、初始化MySQL

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第11张

            8、 配置MySQL

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

            [mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8
skip-grant-tables
symbolic-links=0
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[client]
socket=/tmp/mysqld.sock

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第12张

            9、启动MySQL

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# cd support-files/
[root@db-mysql support-files]# sh mysql.server start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@db-mysql support-files]#

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第13张

            查看MySQL服务是否启动成功

            [root@db-mysql support-files]# sh mysql.server status
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (2294)
[root@db-mysql support-files]#

            10、配置环境变量

            [root@db-mysql support-files]# vi /etc/profile

            export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第14张

            使配置生效

            [root@db-mysql support-files]# source /etc/profile

            11、允许root账号远程访问

            [root@db-mysql support-files]# mysql -u root -p

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第15张

            修改mysql数据库密码报错：

            ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement.

            解决：先刷新权限表

            mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

            ##修改密码
 alter user root@localhost identified by '123456';
 
 ##root账号远程访问
 grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;

            01-mysql安装篇（rpm方式安装+二进制方式安装）,在这里插入图片描述,第16张

            12、设置mysql服务开机自启

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# systemctl status mysqld

            报错： Unit mysqld.service could not be found.

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# find / -name mysql.server
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
[root@db-mysql mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@db-mysql mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on
[root@db-mysql mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
[root@db-mysql mysql]#

            13、mysql服务启动

            [root@db-mysql mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@db-mysql mysql]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - LSB: start and stop MySQL
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (exited) since 三 2023-05-10 18:28:08 CST; 2s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 10873 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql systemd[1]: Starting LSB: start and stop MySQL...
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql mysqld[10873]: Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql systemd[1]: Started LSB: start and stop MySQL.
5月 10 18:28:08 db-mysql mysqld[10873]: 2023-05-10T10:28:08.620811Z mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists
[root@db-mysql mysql]#
             

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